Atlantic bush shelters very important in its dominions a natural diversity. Its fields and bushes of altitude, fens, and nature also shelter a variety of animals transforms that it into one of bigger ecosystems biodiversity of the planet, and in one of most fragile. This patrimony must all be preserved the cost, mainly with a bigger awareness of its innumerable visitors, after all each detail of the bush is closely on to the life of this natural set.

Many of its species are endemic. Of the mammals that live in the forest, 39% are only found in this region. The same one with the majority of the butterflies, reptiles, amphibians, primate, and birds. Thanks to the sped up deforestation that Atlantic Forest suffers since century XVI, many species are threatened of extinguishing. Others already had been decimated with the loss of its habitat, before exactly to arrive to be known by the civilization. Today they are catalogued about 400 species of birds, 183 of amphibians, 146 of reptiles, and 131 of mammals. Although this rich variety, is sufficiently difficult to obtain to find, to observe, or to photograph any species during a stroll for the bush. But nor therefore, this bathed confusion of trees, plants, flowers, and leave of being a paradise for the intent observers of birds and rare fish as the blind catfish, Pimelodella kronei, exclusive of waters of the dark environment of the caves. In its higher regions, that exceed the 1,000 meters, the altitude fields meet, campestral regions of vegetation tripping, where birds live as quiet, Poospiza lateralis, and tibirro of the field. Between the 900 and 1,500 meters, where the characteristic fog keeps high the humidity level, they are the Bushes of Altitude, or Misty Forest, the habitat of migration for birds as the kiss-flower-black color-and-white, Melanothrochilus fuscus, and the leave-handkerchief, Tangara cyanocephala, and of the residents sanhaço-frade, Stephanophorus diadematus, and estalinho, Phylloscartes dificilis. Moreover, still, the sagüi-of-the-mountain range-dark one, aurita Callithrix, and perereca, Brachycephalus nodortega.

The Forest of Hillside, below of 900 and up to 50 meters of altitude, where the vegetal covering is sufficiently dense, with trees exceeding the 30 meters of height, the displacement is sufficiently difficult, and the biggest occurrence is of mammals with arborícolas habits. There the group of primate is distinguished, with 20 species. Most famous of them is the monocoal dealer, Brachyteles arachnoides, the biggest primate of Americas. Its population already arrived 400 thousand, but today they do not pass of 400.

Dividing the humid soil of this bush, we find mammals as the painted ounce, Panthera ounce, the medium brown panther, concolor Cougar, the jaguatirica, Leopardus pardalis, which depend on Atlantic Bush for its survival. Still, tapirs, tamanduás, pig-of-the weeds, catinguelê, opossum-of-ear-black person, agoutis, raccoons, infinity of snakes, jabutis, lizards and much more.
I descend in direction to plains fluvial-navies and in the deposits of sopé of hillside, between Figueroa’s, guapuruvus, caixetais, it is registered presence of endemic birds as Chocó, Carponis melanocephalus, the jaó-of-the-coast, Crypturelus noctivagus, and the mico-lion-of-black-color-face, Leontopithecus caissara, a seriously threatened primate of extinguishing. The savage forest and the hillsides, frequently flooded at the time of the rains, are the propitious environment for fish and amphibians, many of endemic them.

In addition, finally, the trees represent the base of the fertility of coastal waters. Due to high concentration of organic substance in these waters, one is about the supplier of energy to the set of livings beings creature that compose this complex alimentary chain. There the spawning of fishes, crustaceans happens and clams. The resident population of animals is restricted, represented for crabs and clams. Egret, gulls, embergoose, and raccoons also are frequently assiduous of the fens.